This control of the sea could not be achieved by destruction of commerce but only by destroying or neutralizing the enemy fleet. This not only permitted the maintenance of sea communications for one's own ships while denying their use to the enemy but also, if necessary, provided the means for close supervision of neutral trade. The primary mission of a navy was to secure the command of the sea. and coaling stations), as well as quantifiable levels of fighting power in a fleet. His theoretical framework came from Jomini, with an emphasis on strategic locations (such as chokepoints, canals. His goal was to discover the laws of history that determined who controlled the seas. Mahan believed that national greatness was inextricably associated with the sea, with its commercial usage in peace and its control in war. Mahan used history as a stock of lessons to be learned-or more exactly, as a pool of examples that exemplified his theories.
In addition to these works, Mahan wrote more than a hundred articles on international politics and related topics, which were closely read by policy makers. Criticisms of the work focused on Mahan's handling of Nelson's love affair with Lady Emma Hamilton, but it remains the standard biography. Mahan sought to resurrect Horatio Nelson as a national hero in Britain and used the book as a platform for expressing his views on naval strategy and tactics. Mahan stresses the importance of the individual in shaping history, and extols the traditional values of loyalty, courage, and service to the state. The Life of Nelson: The Embodiment of the Sea Power of Great Britain (2 vols., 1897) supplemented the series. The lectures became his sea-power studies: The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783 (1890) The Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire, 1793-1812 (2 vols., 1892) and Sea Power in Relation to the War of 1812 (2 vols., 1905). Mahan plunged into the library and wrote lectures that drew heavily on standard classics and the ideas of work of Henri Jomini. Luce (1827-1917) called him in 1884 to lecture in naval history and strategy at the newly established Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island. The turning point in Mahan's career came when Superintendent Stephen B. He was well known in military and naval circles, and was a friend and advisor of fellow naval historian President Theodore Roosevelt. He was called from retirement to serve as a member of the Naval War Board for the Spanish-American War, as a delegate to the first Peace Conference at The Hague, as an occasional lecturer at the Naval War College, and as witness before several congressional committees. American recognition followed, with honorary degrees from Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Dartmouth. A decade later he was promoted to rear admiral on the retired list, but signed his many books and articles, "Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan." By the 1890s he had achieved international acclaim, particularly in Britain, where he had been given honorary degrees by Oxford and Cambridge. Mahan was considered below par for seamanship he became commander in 1872 and captain in 1885, and with that rank retired in 1896 after forty years of service. His career as a line officer on blockade duty during the Civil War was uneventful. Naval Academy, graduating in 1859, second in a class of twenty. After attending Columbia College in New York, the son entered the U.S. Mahan was born in West Point, New York his father, Denis Mahan was an influential professor of military tactics at West Point, where he taught many of the generals who commanded in the American Civil War.
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